Neo-Ottoman

In the last 30 years almost a hundred editions of neo-Ottoman mushaf have been published in Turkey or by Turks abroad, some reprints of old manuscripts, some newly set, some recently written.
All have the same page number, and the very same spelling (including all the little signs).

This was written before 1947 in the traditonal style.

Whereas this was written recently in mock typewriter style.

This was written in the late 19th century, reprinted now in Istanbul.

This was written in the late 18th century by Hafiz Uthmân, here a 1930 Damascus reprint.
And here is the reason, why I speak of neo-Ottoman. This reprint from an Arab country shows the same text as the Turkish editions, shows all the reading helps, all the pause signs of the neo-Ottoman school, but it shows additional sign as well, signs I had hitherto only seen in South Asia editions.

Madda Sign in Ottoman Masāḥif

Whereas we find three different madda signs in South Asian editions of the qurʾān,

in Ottoman editions there is only one sign,

but it is twice as long as the usual madda sign and it belongs to a different mark class: it is above normal marks.

In modern typeset editions it sits above the consonant and its harakat streching over the following letter of elongation (vowel letter)

-- in mss. it sometimes sits before the alif "because" there is not enough space above the letter of elongation (either because the line are not high enough or because of a letter like kaf).

Should it "belong" to the first letter and extend over the second?

Should it always "belong" to the consonant of the enlongated syllable irrespective of its actual position in the ms?

This "madd above two letters" occurs in Persian editions as well:

In older Persian editions we find a ligature of two madda signs:

   

In a modern Turkish edition we find this:

Unlike the elongated fatha that is just a glyph variant above elongated or swash letters,

the long madda sign is a different character, different from the normal madda sign that is.

I want to conclude with a warning. Not everything one finds in a ms. is correct.

On the following page al-ʿalāmīn is written with madda. Although this is a scribal error for a long fatha, one should be free to reproduce this mistake on the computer when one is writing about this particular manuscript.

On the other hand  in Unicode there is one Koranic madda char encoded that should not be there:

small madda is just a glyph variant when madda sits above a small letter (mall alif, small yeh, small waw).

Could one use that could point of one of the needed Koranic madda signs?  ??

Madd al-Muttasil and Madd al-Munfasil

There are several types of madd in the Qurʾān, two of which are represented in South Asian masāhif by two different signs:
madd al-muttasil

and madd al-munfasil.

But in Unicode there is only one char. Since Unicode has different chars for Arabic signs that have different semantics, I guess they showed add a second madda, shouldn't they?

Actually while the King-Fuad- and the King-Fahd-editions use the same madda sign that is used in MSA for hamza+following-alif for all instances of Koranic madda (which are all elongations without implicit hamza)

some South Asian masâhif have three different Koranic madda signs: one for madd lâzim (occuring only over the letter at the beginning of some chapters -- see above), one for madd al-muttasil (both have a length of 4 to 6 harakat) and a third one for madd al-munfasil (signaling 3 to 5 harakat).  I guess the standard Arabic madda can be used for the smallest (lowest on my pic), two additional Koranic madd signs (madd lazim and madd muttasil) have to be encoded for South Asian, Central Asia, Iranian and Nusantaran maṣāḥif (for the Ottoman [and Persian] writing tradition a third (long) madd sign has to be encoded.